Chemokines are a class of small cytokines or signaling proteins secreted by cells. They are so named because of their ability to induce directional chemotaxis of nearby responsive cells. All their receptors belong to the G protein - coupled receptor (GPCR) family with 7 - transmembrane domains, and are mainly expressed in cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts ^[1].

In the 1970s, scientists discovered the first incretin hormone, GIP (Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide), and later identified the second incretin hormone: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 is secreted by intestinal L cells in the distal small intestine and proximal colon, encoded by the proglucagon gene, and is a polypeptide consisting of 30 amino acids^[1-3].

The development of society is closely linked to the labor force. Workers contribute their wisdom, skills, and sweat, creating numerous advancements in science, technology, and cultural arts. With the progress and changes in technology and culture, people's lifestyles are gradually evolving. Due to the rapid development of society, modern individuals are inclined towards highly defined and efficient ways of living. However, this shift has led to a sudden increase in the prevalence of mental illnesses due to the neglect of the spiritual world.

Aflatoxins are a group of compounds characterized by a basic structure containing a dihydrofuran ring and coumarin (oxygenated naphthalene ketone). Their presence poses a serious threat to food safety, with risks to human health that cannot be ignored. Therefore, the detection of aflatoxins is crucial in the food safety production process.