In the golden track of cancer immunotherapy, immunotherapy targeting PD-1 (Programmed Death Receptor 1) has become a classic paradigm, but its single-target strategy faces bottlenecks in clinical response rate and drug resistance. With the deepening understanding of tumor immune escape mechanisms, PD-L1 (Programmed Death Ligand 1), as...
In the golden track of cancer immunotherapy, immunotherapy targeting PD-1 (Programmed Death Receptor 1) has become a classic paradigm, but its single-target strategy faces bottlenecks in clinical response rate and drug resistance. With the deepening understanding of tumor immune escape mechanisms, PD-L1 (Programmed Death Ligand 1), as a key ligand of PD-1, has gradually moved from the "background pathway" to the "center stage" and become one of the core targets for a new generation of immune combination therapy and multi-mechanism synergistic intervention. Since the approval of the first inhibitor, it has rewritten the treatment outcomes of countless cancer patients with its clear mechanism of action and broad-spectrum anti-cancer effects. The rise of nanobodies is breaking through its clinical application bottlenecks. Combined with the latest research results in 2026, the potential of this classic target continues to explode.
Today, we follow the R&D context of PD-L1 to discuss its core value, latest breakthroughs, and how nanobodies have become the "key to breaking the deadlock"!
在癌症免疫治疗的黄金赛道上，以PD-1（程序性死亡受体1）为靶点的免疫治疗虽已成为经典范式，但其单靶点策略在临床响应率与耐药性上面临瓶颈。随着对肿瘤免疫逃逸机制认知的不断深化，作为PD-1的关键配体，PD-L1（细胞程序性死亡配体1）逐渐从“背景通路”走向“舞台中央”，成为新一代免疫联合治疗与多机制协同干预的核心靶点之一。自首个抑制剂获批以来，它凭借明确的作用机制、广谱的抗癌效果，改写了无数癌症患者的治疗结局，而纳米抗体的崛起，正破解其临床应用瓶颈，结合2026年最新研究成果，这个经典靶点的潜力持续爆发。
今天，我们就循着PD-L1的研发脉络，聊聊它的核心价值、最新突破，以及纳米抗体如何成为其“破局关键”！
尽管疫苗和抗病毒药物在不断进步，但呼吸道病毒感染的预防和传播在全球范围内仍面临着重大挑战。现有方法的一个明显局限是，它们无法在感染初始部位（呼吸道黏膜）提供强效保护。近日，在 nature nanotechnology上发表的一篇文章《Engineered mucus-tethering bispecific nanobodies enhance mucosal immunity against respiratory...
尽管疫苗和抗病毒药物在不断进步，但呼吸道病毒感染的预防和传播在全球范围内仍面临着重大挑战。现有方法的一个明显局限是，它们无法在感染初始部位（呼吸道黏膜）提供强效保护。近日，在 nature nanotechnology上发表的一篇文章《Engineered mucus-tethering bispecific nanobodies enhance mucosal immunity against respiratory pathogens》其研究结果表明，设计策略通过阻断病毒入侵和限制传播链，为增强呼吸道病毒的黏膜防御提供了新思路。本文章研究者设计了一种黏液锚定双特异性纳米抗体。其设计目的是通过结合病毒表面蛋白来中和病毒，同时通过将病毒固定在黏蛋白上，将其捕获在黏液层中。与传统的非黏液锚定纳米抗体相比，这些双特异性纳米抗体在呼吸道中的滞留时间增加，为小鼠提供了更强的抗流感病毒感染保护，并减少了仓鼠模型中的SARS-CoV-2传播。接下来我们就一起来看一下这项研究获得的成果以及它带来的意义。
目前对于FEVR等疾病，现有手段（激光、手术）仅能处理并发症（如出血、脱离），无法从根本上纠正血管发育缺陷，针对病因的疗法是一片空白。然而2024年，勃林格殷格翰以潜在总额5.99亿美元引进FZD4激动剂SZN-413。这不仅是单一项目的交易，更是顶级药企对整个靶点生物学和转化路径的强力认可。SZN-413的研发意味着在眼科疾病的治疗方向上指出了一条新的道路。接下来我们就来认识一下FZD4（卷曲蛋白4）靶点。